Table 1. Vitamin E and Heart Studies
| Study Location
| Study Size
| General Findings
| Reference: Primary Author
|
| Argentina
| 120
| Those w/ higher than average vit E had less heart tissue damage during myocardial infarction
| Carrasquedo
|
| United States
| 11,178
| Vitamin E and C lowers risk of all-cause, coronary, and cancer mortality risk
| Losonczy
|
| Canada
| 2,313
| Vitamin E supplementation is consistent with lower risk of ischemic heart disease death in men
| Meyer
|
| Netherlands
| 4,802
| Dietary beta-carotene lowers heart disease risk
| Klipstein- Grobusch
|
| International
| 17 populations
| For cardiac benefits 100 - 400 IU/day is suggested for those choosing to supplement with vit E
| Spencer
|
| International
| 10 populations
| Vitamin E intake is inversely associated with coronary disease risk
| Kushi
|
| Canada
| 9,541
| Vitamin E does not reduce risk in patients with pre-existing vascular disease
| HOPE
|
| Italy
| 11,324
| EPA/DHA but not vitamin E reduces risk in patients with myocardial infarction
| GISSI- Prevenzione
|
| Isreal
| 196
| 800 IU/day reduces risk of death in hemodialysis patients with pre- existing cardiovascular disease
| Boaz
|
| Netherlands
| 40
| Tocotrienols have neutral effect on cholesterol level
| Mensin
|
| United States
| 50
| Tocotrienols combined with low fat, low calorie diet helps lower cholesterol in hyper- cholesterolemic patients
| Qureshi
|
| United States
| 50
| Tocotrienols and tocopherols reduce carotid stenosis, do not lower blood lipid factors
| Tomeo
|
| United Kingdom
| 2,002
| 400 or 800 IU/day reduces risk of non-fatal myocardial infarctions in patients with pre- existing atherosclerosis
| Stephens
|
| Italy
| 7
| Vitamin E supplementation prevents LDL buildup in atherosclerosis
| Iuliano
|
| Sweeden
| 99
| Vitamin E levels in LDL are inversely related to severity of coronary artery disease
| Regnstrom
|
| United States
| 24
| 800 IU/d lowers LDL oxidation susceptibility and LDL oxidation rate
| Jialal
|
| United States
| 48
| At least 400 IU/d needed to significantly lower LDL susceptibility
| Jialal
|
| United States
| 34,392
| High intake of vitamin E-rich foods decreases stroke risk in post-menopausal women
| Yochum
|
| Finland
| 22,269
| 50 mg/day modestly reduces angina risk in heavy male smokers
| Rapola
|
| Netherlands
| 18
| Vitamin E decreases superoxide and cytokine production
| van Tits
|
| United States
| in vitro
| Vitamin E inhibits platelet aggregation independent of antioxidant function
| Freedman
|
| Switzerland
| in vitro
| Vitamin E inhibits PKC-alpha, thus regulating cell growth and proliferation
| Ricciarelli
|
| United States
| in vitro
| Vitamin E reduces monocyte adhesion
| Martin
|
| United States
| in vitro
| Vitamin E reduces monocyte adhesion
| Islam
|
| United States
| review
| Tocotrienols may have significant therapeutic potentials
| Theriault
|